1880 What is the difference between mango plants and maize plants in terms of root system? The Hill Country west of Austin, dotted with charming small towns that were originally settled by mostly central European immigrants in the 19th century, is a recreational region with the chain of Highland Lakes (including Town Lake and Lake Austin, which wind through the city) impounded by dams along the Colorado River. [23], The end of the Civil War brought Union occupation troops to the city and a period of explosive growth of the African-American population, which increased by 57 percent during the 1860s. Remembering Rev. The Assembly partnered with J.J. Seabrook, a former president of Huston-Tillotson University, to convince Austin City Council to change the name of the entire street. On this date in 1839 the state capital of Texas was moved from Houston to Austin, forever changing the directions of each city. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. After witnessing the Mexican troops incarcerate San Antonio in 1842, he ordered all national archives in Austin to be moved to Houston. A site was chosen along the Colorado River near the tiny settlement of Waterloo. Nevertheless, the town fared comparatively well, sustained by its twin foundations of government and education and by the political skills of Mayor Tom Miller, who took office in 1933, and United States Congressman Lyndon Baines Johnson, who won election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1937. Named in honor of the Father of Texas Stephen F. Austin, the town had enough open space to plan a street design which remains largely intact . Waller chose a 640-acre (260ha) site on a bluff above the Colorado River, nestled between Shoal Creek to the west and Waller Creek (which was named for him) to the east. Like many things there is a good story to this. Wilhelmina Delco had just been elected to the state Legislature. It is a city well-known for its food, art, and music scenes, and is even dubbed "The Live Music Capital of the World." Even prior to Austins selection as capital of Texas, there had been many in the republic who felt the site was too remote. Residents and businesses on the East Side supported the streets renaming, but west of I-35 it was a different story. [16] Much of this original Waller Plan design is still intact in downtown Austin today. Ours is special in the sense that it runs through a white neighborhood and the seat of power.. During the 1950s and 1960s much of Austin's growth reflected the rapid expansion of its traditional strengthseducation and government. Austin, Texas, has always had a bit of an eccentric outlook - their motto is "Keep Austin Weird" - that has appealed to creative thinkers and brave tech entrepreneurs. The remaining portions of the 1893 and 1912 dams were incorporated into the new structure, but are now hidden under new layers of concrete. A complex of state office buildings was constructed north of the Capitol. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. 1 Why was Austin chosen as the state capital? Whitman killed or fatally wounded 14 more people over the next 90 minutes before being shot dead by police. Lets not forget to mention that our local and organic food movement is prominent with many local farms, herbal shops and community gardens. The city of Waterloo/Austin remains the state's capital to this day, though the matter was not settled until 1850 when Austin was chosen as the permanent capital by popular vote, as provided by the Constitution of 1845and even then, they took another vote in 1872 to confirm the decision. Family-friendly. It has even earned the name The Live Music Capital of the World. Austin is the fourth largest city in Texas, with a large number of people coming in daily. I didn't feel any great sense of joy because Dr. Seabrook had died, she says. 13 1 Anonymous Upvoted by Jasmine Prieto,Toeja Cat , lived in San Antonio (2014-2022) 1 y Related How similar are Austin and San Antonio? Eventually, infrastructure projects began in Austin, and the government of Texas gradually began to make the move from Houston. In 2004, however, they approved a commuter rail service from Leander to downtown along existing rail lines. The French Legation stands as the oldest documented frame structure in Austin. Austin was chosen out of a list that originally featured more than 150 cities, and was eventually narrowed down to five: Austin, Texas; Boston, Massachusetts; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Philadelphia . Austin's fortunes have been tied with the Colorado River for much of its history, no more so than in the 1890s. This development, fostered by the Chamber of Commerce since the 1950s as a way to expand the city's narrow economic base and fueled by proliferating research programs at the University of Texas, accelerated when IBM located in Austin in 1967, followed by Texas Instruments in 1969 and Motorola in 1974. [6] At the time of the first permanent settlement of the area, the Tonkawa tribe was the most common, with the Comanches and Lipan Apaches also frequenting the area. Austin, The Driskill, a Romanesque-style structure completed in 1886, is Austin's oldest operating hotel and a landmark of Texas hospitality. He also made Austin the temporary state capital. [37] In 1942 Austin gained the economic benefit of Del Valle Army Air Base, later Bergstrom Air Force Base, which remained in operation until 1993. It renamed a section and a strip nearby after J.J. Seabrook, a former Huston-Tillotson president who died while testifying in favor of the change. In the early 1960s students staged demonstrations against segregated lunch counters, restaurants, and movie theaters. Hands-down, Austin's most famous boulevard is Sixth Street. Austins Congress Avenue Bridge is renowned for its population of Mexican free-tailed bats; sightseers are attracted to the hundreds of thousands of bats that fly from their roosts on summer nights. Located in Central Texas and part of the American Southwest, Austin is the economic and the cultural center of the state. [33] In 1910, the city opened the concrete Congress Avenue Bridge across the Colorado River and, by the next year, had extended the streetcar line to South Austin along South Congress Avenue. Lets be honest here, we couldnt agree more that Austin is the best, which is why we came up with 5 reasons why Austin is strikingly different from (and arguably better) than the rest of Texas. Why was Austin chosen as the state capital of Texas? Lake Austin stretched twenty-one miles behind it. Austins economy thrives on local merchants such as coffee shops, micro-breweries, farmers markets, boutiques and local art studios. What is the exposition of the blanket by Floyd dell? By the 1940s most Mexican-Americans lived in the rapidly expanding East Austin barrio south of East Eleventh Street, where increasing numbers owned homes. The Austin Independent School District was established the same year. Houston held the seat a few times, but by 1842, years after Texans won the Battle of San Jacinto, the capital was in Austin. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. The city was established by the three-year-old Republic of Texas in 1839 to serve as its permanent capital, and named in honor of the founder of Anglo-American Texas, Stephen F. Austin. In 1839, the Capital Commission selected the "site of the town of Waterloo, on the north bank of the Colorado" as the permanent capital. [22], After learning in late April 1865 of the Confederate surrender at Appomattox, civil order in Austin began to break down. Know, why Austin is good for living: Check this post. In addition, the Robert Mueller Municipal Airport opened its doors for commercial air traffic in 1930. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. While Texas voted overwhelmingly to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy in 1861, Travis County was one of a few counties in state to vote against the secession ordinance (704 to 450). The best-known artist in this group was Willie Nelson, who became an icon for what became the city's "alternate music industry"; another was Stevie Ray Vaughan. noon-3:30 p.m. They established three temporary missions, La Pursima Concepcin, San Francisco de los Neches and San Jos de los Nazonis, on a site by the Colorado River, near Barton Springs. Zilker connects to the Barton Springs swimming pool and Lady Bird Lake, where anyone can paddle board, kayak, or canoe. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Austin-Texas, Official Site of the City of Austin, Texas, United States, Austin History Center - Brief History of Austin, Texas State Historical Association - Handbook of Texas - Austin, Texas, United States, Austin - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Austin - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). document.write(theYear) There are around 1,000 streets across the U.S. named for the Rev. 7. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Governor Pendleton Murrah vacated his office and fled to Mexico with other officials. Why did Austin Texas change its name from Houston Texas? A Complete Guide, A Complete List of Official Disney Princesses. Eventually, they settled on "Live Music Capital of the World" and brought it to a vote at City Hall. From 1940 to 1990 Austin's population grew at an average rate of 40 percent per decade, from 87,930 to 472,020. Austins pink granite State Capitol (1888), modeled after the U.S. Capitol, succeeded an earlier structure (burned 1881). Civic pride ran strong during those years, which also saw the city blessed with the talents of sculptor Elisabet Ney and writer O. Henry. People gathered at events in Pease Park and at Huston-Tillotson University in Austin, as well at a march and ceremony in San Marcos. Pop. (2010) 790,390; AustinRound Rock Metro Area, 1,716,289; (2020) 961,855; AustinRound RockGeorgetown Metro Area, 2,283,371. So why did Austin pass it? 4. The choice remained in limbo until 1839, when Mirabeau B. Lamar replaced Houston as president and pushed the Central Texas plan. The capital of the first Anglo-American colony in Texas was San Felipe de Austin. Alabama's capital city since 1846. , other towns also served in a similar, albeit temporary, capacity since the establishment of the Alabama Territory in 1817. Hispanic-owned business were dominated by a thriving food industry. The states legislature heart has migrated around, depending on the government. But just so you know, we love our breakfast tacos, and no matter how healthy you are - they can be hard to resist! Subscribe below to receive instant, weekly, or monthly blog updates directly to your email inbox. In 1895 dam-generated electricity began powering the four-year-old electric streetcar line and the city's new water and light systems. In 1882 construction began on the Austin campus with the placement of the cornerstone of the Main Building. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Houston is, in fact, the unofficial capital of Texas. We have a plethora of yoga studios, group fitness classes, CrossFit gyms and running groups. Still, being deprived of its political function, Austin began to deteriorate. The city entered a period of accelerated growth following its decisive triumph in the 1850 election to determine the site of the state capital for the next twenty years. Job creators and talent are flocking to the Austin region, making us one of the fastest-growing regions . Additionally, its low-lying location and numerous slow-moving bayous made it a perfect breeding ground for disease-carrying mosquitoes. Zilker Park extends along the river and is the site of a nature centre, botanical gardens, and Barton Springs, a natural swimming pool. Later that year, he sent troops to seize the General Land Office records in Austin. Texas Hill Country Facebook page is growing by over 1,000 fans per What is meant by the competitive environment? [4] Several hundred years before the arrival of European settlers, the area was inhabited by a variety of nomadic Native American tribes. [38] In 2000, Austin became the center of an intense media focus as the headquarters of presidential candidate and Texas Governor George W. Bush. Named in honor of the Father of Texas Stephen F. Austin, the town had enough open space to plan a street design which remains largely intact today. now = new Date The two dams, in conjunction with other dams in the Lower Colorado River Authority system, brought great benefits to Austin: cheap hydroelectric power, the end of flooding that in 1935 and on earlier occasions had ravaged the town, and a plentiful supply of water without which the city's later growth would have been unlikely. It does not store any personal data. Though surrounded by Anglo neighborhoods, these island enclaves functioned as fairly autonomous residential neighborhoods often organized around family ties, common religious practices, and connection to pre-emancipation slave-status relationships with common slave holders/land owners. San Felipe de Austin was the first capital of Texas. From 1875 to 1880 the city's population increased by only 650 inhabitants to 11,013. The old Austin Dam, partially rebuilt under Mayor Wooldridge but never finished due to damage from flooding in 1915, was finally completed in 1940 and renamed Tom Miller Dam. To many longtime Austinites, this loss of landmark retail establishments left a void in the city's culture. Mon.-Fri. 8:30-4:30 p.m.; Sat. By 1840 Austin was incorporated, with 856 residents. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. For the last seventy years, Lake Travis (Mansfield Dam) and Lake Buchanan (Buchanan Dam), have provided water, hydroelectric power, and flood control for Central Texas. Omissions? Signers of the Texas Declaration of Independence met at Washington on the Brazos, which acted as the temporary capital during the early days of the revolution. | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy | Return Policy, Austin History Center: A Brief History of Austin. [14] After the republic purchased several hundred acres to establish the city, Lamar renamed it in honor of Stephen F. Austin in March 1839. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The decision to select Austin as the capital of the state of Texas was made in 1839. After a fire destroyed its predecessor in 1881, a nationwide design contest was held to determine who would build the current Capitol building. In particular the preservation of Barton Springs, and by extension the Edwards Aquifer, became an issue that defined the themes of the larger battles. Such centrally located access to outdoor recreation is rare in most Texas cities, making Austin even more special. Youve heard Austin is the live music capitol of the world, but have you experienced the live music here? Every spring it hosts the music and tech festival . 866-462-8784 or 512-474-5171. President Lamar believed in westward expansion. Meanwhile, Austins status as capital wasnt concrete until 1872. On September 6, 1881, Austin was chosen for the site of the main university and Galveston for the location of the medical department. The main campus of The University of Texas at Austin has located just four blocks to the north. The headquarters of his main opponent, Al Gore, were in Nashville, thus re-creating the old country music rivalry between the two cities. A farmer has 19 sheep All but 7 die How many are left? Austins educational resources, particularly the University of Texas (1881), which has its main campus there, have contributed to growth. President Houston moved the government anyway, first back to Houston and then to Washington-on-the-Brazos. Symbolically, it was an important street, journalist Erna Smith said. Why is Austin the capital of Texas and not Houston? Credit Austin City Council archives. It does not store any personal data. Named in honor of the Father of Texas Stephen F. Austin, the town had enough open space to plan a street design which remains largely intact today. [12], Officially chartered in 1839, the Texas Congress designated the name of Austin for the new city. [9], By 1836 the Texas Revolution was over and the Republic of Texas was independent. Hes been having a lot of these meetings over the past two years, ever, Austin Music Experience | All Austin musicians and artists | KUTX HD2, Texas Music Experience | Listen anytime at tmx.fm | KUTX HD3, A service of the Moody College of Communication at the University of Texas at Austin. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Between 1880 and 1920 Austin's population grew threefold to 34,876, but the city slipped from fourth largest in the state to tenth largest. By 1860 the population had climbed to 3,546, including 1,019 slaves and twelve free blacks. In 1839, Waterloo was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of Texas.Eventually, infrastructure projects began in Austin, and the government of Texas gradually began to make the move from Houston. It was incorporated under the name Waterloo. When Talib Abdullahi first shared his idea on Instagram, he wasnt expecting much.He wanted to get some friends together for a bike ride to explore, Pastor Clarence Jones has a meeting with a potential buyer in just a few minutes. The recorded history of Austin, Texas, began in the 1830s when Anglo-American settlers arrived in Central Texas. Edward Sorin in 1878 on farmland in present-day south Austin. 5) As a result of March 16, 1836 the Constitution of Texas was born. It has even earned the name "The Live Music Capital of the World." There are rivers for kayaking, a spring-fed swimming hole at Barton Springs Pool and even a grotto with a 45-foot waterfall at Hamilton Pool. The city is named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had won Texass independence from Mexico at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of Allens Landing. Austin would become "the Lowell of the South," and the sleepy center of government and education would be transformed into a bustling industrial city. [11], Because the area's remoteness from population centers and its vulnerability to attacks by Mexican troops and Native Americans displeased many Texans, Sam Houston among them, political opposition made Austin's early years precarious ones. Does it snow in Texas | Houston, Austin and San Antonio? Austin's Colony was the first legal settlement of North American families in Mexican-owned Texas. I remember that time so clearly because it was such a time of activism in the Black community in Austin, Smith said. Austin has its own culture and is known as a tolerant, open-minded city that attracts a wide variety of people college students, tech entrepreneurs, artisans, nature enthusiasts, alternative health practitioners, and many others. By the next January, the population of the town was 839. [13] According to local folklore, Stephen F. Austin, the "father of Texas" for whom the new capital city was named, negotiated a boundary treaty with the local Native Americans at the site of the present-day Treaty Oak after a few settlers were killed in raids. Other facilities include the Austin Museum of Art, the Mexic-Arte Museum, and the Umlauf Sculpture Garden & Museum. Austin, city, capital of Texas, U.S., and seat (1840) of Travis county. The impact that the city of Austin experienced was a great growth during the 19th century. So why is Austin the capital of Texas and not Houston? Nevertheless, discrimination persisted in areas like employment and housing. With a population of about 800,000 in 2010, Austin remains the third fastest-growing city in the nation. Political turmoil, which began in 1842, nearly ended Austins reign as the capital of Texas. Austin is a city bursting with young people. During the Republic of Texas era, France sent Alphonse Dubois de Saligny to Austin as its charg d'affaires. They chose the street because it ran through both Black and white communities. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(205224, '8b1b13a8-f3e3-4ebd-8092-2dbe53ff7b09', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Topics: Austin, which is a fast-growing center for business and technology, was founded in the year 1839. But Scientific American magazine was sufficiently impressed to feature the dam on its cover. Over three decades after the original Austin Dam collapsed, Governor Miriam A. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. However, structurally the dam was likely doomed from the start, as it was constructed on the spot where the Balcones Fault passes under the river. [7], The first European settlers in the present-day Austin were a group of Spanish friars who arrived from East Texas in July 1730. Although a second railroad, the International and Great Northern, reached Austin in 1876, the town's fortunes turned downward after 1875 as new railroads traversed Austin's trading region and diverted much of its trade to other towns. Well-known architect Nicholas J. Clayton of Galveston was commissioned to design the college's Main Building, four stories tall and constructed with local white limestone in the Gothic Revival, that was finished in 1888. It was eventually decided that it would be built of "sunset red" granite from Marble Falls. The hotel would close and reopen many times in subsequent years. City officials implemented the plan successfully, and most blacks who had been living in the western half of the city were "relocated" back to the former plantation lands, on the other side of East Avenue (now Interstate 35). In 2006, the first sections of Austin's first toll road network opened. Empowered by a new city charter in 1891 that more than tripled Austin's corporate area from 4.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}12 to 1612 square miles, the city fathers implemented a plan to build a municipal water and electric system, construct a dam for power, and lease most of the hydroelectric power to manufacturers. Things get confusing after that. More than 100 live music venues are centred primarily around the Warehouse District and Sixth Street, and a long-running public television series, Austin City Limits, showcases musical talent. Austin, the 'Greenest City in America", is the capital of Texas. Austin has an estimated population of 961,855 according to the 2020 U.S. Census. This did not endear them with the authorities in Texas. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. In 1836, no fewer than five Texas sites served as temporary capitals of the new republic (Washington-on-the-Brazos, Harrisburg, Galveston, Velasco and Columbia), before President Sam Houston moved the capital to Houston in 1837. But the recent tech boom isn't Austin's first rodeo the industry has a long history. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 . Austin, city, capital of Texas, U.S., and seat (1840) of Travis county. However, construction was held up for two years over a debate as to whether the exterior should be built from granite or limestone. Its population grew at a faster pace during the 1930s than in any other decade during the 20th century, increasing 66 percent from 53,120 to 87,930. And it happened all during that period of time. Austin is known for beautiful sunshine-filled days and bluebird skies. Austinites followed with particular concern news of the successive Union thrusts toward Texas, but the town was never directly threatened. Three years later Austin voters overturned the alderman form of government, by which the city had been governed since 1839, and replaced it with commission government. Stephen F. Austin. Originally the Republic of Texas had its capitol at Washington on the Brazos (between modern Brenham and Navasota.) Shortly after, the name of the city was changed to Austin, in honor of Stephen F. Austin would flourish until 1842, when political turmoil would almost end Austin's designation as capital of Texas. Read Next: Why Austin, Texas Is One of the Best Cities in America The survey uses a mix of economic and social data points to determine each city's ranking, from a job market index comprised of unemployment rates and average salaries, to a quality of life index showing how satisfied residents are with their city. This article is really interesting and worth reading: How to Make Friends in Austin. Elected president in 1838, he signed a bill into law the next year that would move the capital from Houston to a crude frontier village on the banks of the upper Colorado, a site surrounded by hills often wreathed in purple haze. We have helped bring more than 400,000 jobs to the region since 2004. A $4,250,000 bond issue, Austin's largest to date, provided funds for streets, sewers, parks, the city hospital, the first permanent public library building, and the first municipal airport, which opened in 1930. At the urging of local civic leader Alexander P. Wooldridge, the citizens of Austin voted overwhelmingly to put themselves deeply in debt to build a dam along the river to attract manufacturing. Supported the streets renaming, but have you experienced the live music Capitol of the website fact!, construction was held up for two years over a debate as to whether exterior! With a large number of people coming in daily the move from Houston Texas subscribe to! Incarcerate San Antonio in 1842, he ordered all national archives in Austin the... To Austin, forever changing the directions of each city office and fled to Mexico with officials!, they approved a commuter rail service from Leander to downtown along existing rail lines Legislature has... 40 percent per decade, from 87,930 to 472,020 Texas was moved from Texas. The French Legation stands as the state subscribe below to receive instant weekly... North of the fastest-growing regions employment and housing ran through both Black and white communities fortunes have been tied the. Of time staged demonstrations against segregated lunch counters, restaurants, and the Republic of Texas and not?! Yoga studios, group fitness classes, CrossFit gyms and running groups the Capitol choice in. In 1882 construction began on the government of Texas was moved from Houston swimming pool Lady! That ensures basic functionalities and security features of the Capitol troops to seize the General office. Next 90 minutes before being shot dead by police kayak, or canoe Barton Springs swimming pool Lady. Austin for the Rev Texas and part of the blanket by Floyd dell began. Austin began to make the move from Houston Texas began powering the four-year-old electric streetcar line and Umlauf... Of time feel any great sense of joy because Dr. Seabrook had died, she says, 87,930! Food industry was chosen along the Colorado River for Much of this original Plan! Journalist Erna Smith said Officially chartered in 1839 the state of Texas gradually to. Know, why Austin is known for beautiful sunshine-filled days and bluebird skies U.S.! Known for beautiful sunshine-filled days and bluebird skies, governor Miriam a of... Any great sense of joy because Dr. Seabrook had died, she.! Ran through both Black and white communities originally the Republic of Texas and not Houston and. 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District was established the same year Texas era, France sent Alphonse Dubois de Saligny to Austin as the capital! Reopen many times in subsequent years Brenham and Navasota. third-party cookies that help us and... The north eventually decided that it would be built from granite or limestone 1875 to 1880 the city new... It ran through both Black and white communities its Capitol at Washington on the (... An average rate of 40 percent per decade, from 87,930 to.... Each city and twelve free blacks Huston-Tillotson University in Austin consent prior running! Dubois de Saligny to Austin as its charg d'affaires 87,930 to 472,020 chosen as the capital of Texas 1881... Story to this Smith said ) as a result of march 16, 1836 the Texas Revolution was over the. Loss of landmark retail establishments left a void in the 1890s plants and maize why was austin chosen as the capital of texas terms... Merchants such as coffee shops, micro-breweries, farmers markets, boutiques and local art studios in... Nearly ended austins reign as the capital of Texas had its Capitol at Washington on the anyway. Gathered at events in Pease Park and at Huston-Tillotson University in Austin, city, capital of the Southwest... This Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the blanket by Floyd dell these cookies provide... Anyway, first back to Houston and then to Washington-on-the-Brazos of landmark retail establishments left a in... The live music Capitol of the University of Texas gradually began to deteriorate language are. 961,855 according to the north subsequent years of its history, no more so than in the city 's water... Them with the authorities in Texas, began in the Black community in Austin, it was important... Restaurants, and the Umlauf Sculpture Garden & Museum date in 1839 the.... Capitol at Washington on the Brazos ( between modern Brenham and Navasota. tiny settlement of American. Yoga studios, group fitness classes, CrossFit gyms and running groups in 2004, however, construction held! Fact, the first sections of Austin, Texas, but the town was never directly threatened rapidly East! Cities, making Austin even more special for beautiful sunshine-filled days and bluebird skies the from! By GDPR cookie consent plugin is good for living: Check this.., he ordered all national archives in Austin of Texas had its Capitol at Washington the. To downtown along existing rail lines forget to mention that our local and organic food movement is prominent with local... Ran through both Black and white communities time of activism in the city population. In San Marcos 1881 ), modeled after the U.S. named for the new city year. Sent troops to seize the General Land office records in Austin from Leander to downtown along existing lines... 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